Hoquets : un guide des causes courantes et des solutions rapides

Qu'est-ce que le hoquet ?

Most of us have had hiccups at some point in our lives. We usually see them as brief annoyances that come and go, rarely pausing to consider why they happen.

Le Dr Vian Miran, Hola Health, Victoria, Australie, affirme que pour quelque chose d'aussi répandu, il est surprenant de voir à quel point nous réfléchissons peu à ce que sont les hoquets et comment les prévenir. Au lieu de cela, nous attendons souvent simplement qu'ils passent et les oublions rapidement par la suite.

She describes hiccups as an involuntary contraction of your diaphragm - the muscle that separates your chest from your abdomen and is essential for breathing.

"« Lorsque votre diaphragme se contracte de manière inattendue en raison d'une crampe du nerf phrénique — le nerf qui contrôle votre diaphragme — de l'air est aspiré par votre bouche », explique Miran. « Cependant, cette entrée d'air est soudainement arrêtée par un resserrement de vos cordes vocales, ce qui produit ce son étrange de 'hic' »."

Qu'est-ce qui cause le hoquet ?

Having a sudden bout of hiccups isn't generally something to worry about. However, understanding what causes them can help reduce your likelihood of getting them.

Swallowing air, drinking fizzy drinks or alcohol, eating spicy foods, and sudden temperature shifts can all induce hiccups.

"In some cases, long-lasting hiccups can be a symptom of underlying conditions, either psychological or physical," says Miran.

How to stop hiccups

Hiccups usually go away on their own within two to ten minutes. However, according to Miran, a simple technique developed by neuroscientist Andrew Huberman is widely recognised as an effective way to stop hiccups quickly.

"These pressure changes hyper-excite and then over-relax the phrenic nerve, stopping the spasms that cause hiccups," says Miran.

She adds that several traditional methods are used to stop hiccups, but none are as effective as the above.

"Most hiccup resolution methods attempt to affect your phrenic nerve through indirect interactions," she explains. "For example, a common method of breathing into a bag aims to re-inhale carbon dioxide, thereby adjusting your blood’s carbon dioxide levels and potentially changing your breathing pattern.

"This change can then disrupt the spasms in your phrenic nerve. However, there are a lot of “ifs” in this method."

Quand devrais-je m'inquiéter des hoquets ?

As mentioned, hiccups typically resolve quickly on their own and usually don't signal any underlying health issues.

However, Miran advises that if your hiccups persist for more than 48 hours, you should talk to your doctor, as this might be a symptom of a more serious cause.