Neuroblastome
Dernière mise à jour 8 Sept 2020
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Neuroblastoma is a type of cancer that most often affects children. Neuroblastoma occurs when immature nerve cells called neuroblasts become abnormal and multiply uncontrollably to form a tumour. Most commonly, the tumour originates in the nerve tissue of the adrenal gland located above each kidney. Other common sites for tumours to form include the nerve tissue in the abdomen, chest, neck, or pelvis. Neuroblastoma can spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body such as the bones, liver, or skin.
Description
Neuroblastoma is a type of cancer that most often affects children. Neuroblastoma occurs when immature nerve cells called neuroblasts become abnormal and multiply uncontrollably to form a tumour. Most commonly, the tumour originates in the nerve tissue of the adrenal gland located above each kidney. Other common sites for tumours to form include the nerve tissue in the abdomen, chest, neck, or pelvis. Neuroblastoma can spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body such as the bones, liver, or skin.
Individuals with neuroblastoma may develop general signs and symptoms such as irritability, fever, tiredness (fatigue), pain, loss of appetite, weight loss, or diarrhea. More specific signs and symptoms depend on the location of the tumour and where it has spread. A tumour in the abdomen can cause abdominal swelling. A tumour in the chest may lead to difficulty breathing. A tumour in the neck can cause nerve damage known as Horner syndrome, which leads to drooping eyelids, small pupils, decreased sweating, and red skin. Tumour metastasis to the bone can cause bone pain, bruises, pale skin, or dark circles around the eyes. Tumours in the backbone can press on the spinal cord and cause weakness, numbness, or paralysis in the arms or legs. A rash of bluish or purplish bumps that look like blueberries indicates that the neuroblastoma has spread to the skin.
In addition, neuroblastoma tumours can release hormones that may cause other signs and symptoms such as high blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, flushing of the skin, and sweating. In rare instances, individuals with neuroblastoma may develop opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome, which causes rapid eye movements and jerky muscle motions. This condition occurs when the immune system malfunctions and attacks nerve tissue.
Neuroblastoma occurs most often in children before age 5 and rarely occurs in adults.
Inheritance patterns
The source lists the following possible inheritance patterns: Autosomal dominant; Not inherited. More than one pattern can apply in different cases.
Related genes
Other names
NB
Related patient information and medicines
Patient information leaflet
Neuroblastome
Neuroblastoma is a cancer affecting developing nerve cells. Neuroblastoma is a rare cancer and most often occurs in children under 5 years old. Neuroblastoma often starts in the tummy (abdomen) but can spread to other parts of the body, especially bones, liver and skin. The treatments for neuroblastoma include surgery, chemotherapy and.
Patient information leaflet
Cancers infantiles
The known risk factors include: Inherited medical conditions. Problems with development in the womb. Exposure to infections. The groin. The tummy (ab... The pelvis. An arm or leg. Soft tissue sarcomas may cause pain, a lump (swelling) or both Neuroblastoma Neuroblastoma is a le cancer de specialised nerve cells, called neural crest cells. It causes.
Patient information leaflet
Rhabdomyosarcome
soft tissue sarcomaThe complications of neuroblastoma depend sur which parts de the body are affected. Although modern traitements are very effective et life-saving, le traitements may also cause long-term complications. The risk of complications caused by traitements is very small compared with the benefits of treatments, which are often.
Patient information leaflet
Types de cancer
Links to detailed leaflets on each are provided below: Bladder Cancer Brain Cancer and Brain Tumours Breast Cancer Cancer of the Uterus (Endometrial Cancer) Cervical Cancer Childhood Leukaemias Colon, Rectal and Bowel Cancer (Colorectal Cancer) Gynaecological Cancer Hodgkin's Lymphoma Kidney Cancer Leukaemia Lung Cancer Mouth Cancer (Oral Cancer).
Lectures complémentaires et références
- Neuroblastome; MedlinePlus, National Library of Medicine.
- Ardini E, Magnaghi P, Orsini P, Galvani A, Menichincheri M. Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase: role in specific tumours, and development of small molecule inhibitors for cancer therapy. Cancer Lett. 2010 Dec 28;299(2):81-94. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2010.09.001. Epub 2010 Oct 8.
- Attiyeh EF, London WB, Mosse YP, Wang Q, Winter C, Khazi D, McGrady PW, Seeger RC, Look AT, Shimada H, Brodeur GM, Cohn SL, Matthay KK, Maris JM; Children's Oncology Group. Chromosome 1p and 11q deletions and outcome in neuroblastoma. N Engl J Med. 2005 Nov 24;353(21):2243-53. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa052399.
- Janoueix-Lerosey I, Lequin D, Brugieres L, Ribeiro A, de Pontual L, Combaret V, Raynal V, Puisieux A, Schleiermacher G, Pierron G, Valteau-Couanet D, Frebourg T, Michon J, Lyonnet S, Amiel J, Delattre O. Somatic and germline activating mutations of the ALK kinase receptor in neuroblastoma. Nature. 2008 Oct 16;455(7215):967-70. doi: 10.1038/nature07398.
- Maris JM. Recent advances in neuroblastoma. N Engl J Med. 2010 Jun 10;362(23):2202-11. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra0804577. No abstract available.
- Mosse YP, Laudenslager M, Longo L, Cole KA, Wood A, Attiyeh EF, Laquaglia MJ, Sennett R, Lynch JE, Perri P, Laureys G, Speleman F, Kim C, Hou C, Hakonarson H, Torkamani A, Schork NJ, Brodeur GM, Tonini GP, Rappaport E, Devoto M, Maris JM. Identification of ALK as a major familial neuroblastoma predisposition gene. Nature. 2008 Oct 16;455(7215):930-5. doi: 10.1038/nature07261. Epub 2008 Aug 24.
- Munirajan AK, Ando K, Mukai A, Takahashi M, Suenaga Y, Ohira M, Koda T, Hirota T, Ozaki T, Nakagawara A. KIF1Bbeta functions as a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor gene mapped to chromosome 1p36.2 by inducing apoptotic cell death. J Biol Chem. 2008 Sep 5;283(36):24426-34. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M802316200. Epub 2008 Jul 9.
- Raabe EH, Laudenslager M, Winter C, Wasserman N, Cole K, LaQuaglia M, Maris DJ, Mosse YP, Maris JM. Prevalence and functional consequence of PHOX2B mutations in neuroblastoma. Oncogene. 2008 Jan 17;27(4):469-76. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210659. Epub 2007 Jul 16.
- Reiff T, Tsarovina K, Majdazari A, Schmidt M, del Pino I, Rohrer H. Neuroblastoma phox2b variants stimulate proliferation and dedifferentiation of immature sympathetic neurons. J Neurosci. 2010 Jan 20;30(3):905-15. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5368-09.2010.
- Schlisio S, Kenchappa RS, Vredeveld LC, George RE, Stewart R, Greulich H, Shahriari K, Nguyen NV, Pigny P, Dahia PL, Pomeroy SL, Maris JM, Look AT, Meyerson M, Peeper DS, Carter BD, Kaelin WG Jr. The kinesin KIF1Bbeta acts downstream from EglN3 to induce apoptosis and is a potential 1p36 tumor suppressor. Genes Dev. 2008 Apr 1;22(7):884-93. doi: 10.1101/gad.1648608. Epub 2008 Mar 11.
- White PS, Thompson PM, Gotoh T, Okawa ER, Igarashi J, Kok M, Winter C, Gregory SG, Hogarty MD, Maris JM, Brodeur GM. Definition and characterization of a region of 1p36.3 consistently deleted in neuroblastoma. Oncogene. 2005 Apr 14;24(16):2684-94. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1208306.
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