Chloramphénicol pour les infections oculaires

About chloramphenicol eye drops and ointment

Chloramphenicol eye drops and eye ointment are used to treat bacterial eye infections. Eye infections are a common cause of conjunctivitis. In conjunctivitis, your eye becomes inflamed, feels gritty, and may water more than usual. The white of your eye may look red, and your eyelids can become swollen and stuck together with a discharge when you wake up in the morning. Only one eye may be infected to begin with, but it often spreads to both eyes.

Most cases of infective conjunctivitis clear within a few days without treatment. For more severe infections, or for infections which do not clear on their own, an antibiotic eye drop or ointment such as chloramphenicol can be helpful.

Chloramphenicol works by helping to kill the bacteria which are causing the infection. It is available on prescription. You can also buy the drops and the ointment from a pharmacy, without a prescription, if it is for conjunctivitis in an adult or in a child over 2 years of age. Do not use chloramphenicol eye drops or ointment for a child under 2 years old, unless it has been prescribed by a doctor.

Before using chloramphenicol eye drops or eye ointment

To make sure this is the right treatment for you, before you start using chloramphenicol for an eye infection it is important that your doctor or pharmacist knows:

• If you have a problem in your bone marrow or you or anyone in your family have a history of blood disorders.

• If you have ever had an allergic reaction to chloramphenicol or to any other eye product.

• Si vous êtes enceinte ou si vous allaitez.

• Si vous portez des lentilles de contact souples.

• If you have raised pressure in your eye (glaucoma) or dry eye disease.

• If you have had eye surgery or laser treatment within the previous six months.

• If you suspect an eye injury or a foreign body in the eye.

• If you are using any other eye drops or eye ointments.
  

How to use chloramphenicol eye drops

1. Lavez-vous les mains avant d'utiliser les gouttes.

2. Retirez le bouchon du flacon (ou l'embout de l'appareil si vous utilisez un appareil à usage unique).

3. Penchez légèrement la tête en arrière et tirez la paupière inférieure de votre œil vers le bas pour former une poche.

4. Tenez le flacon (ou l'unité à usage unique) à l'envers près de votre œil. Essayez de ne pas toucher votre œil.

5. Exercez une pression suffisante pour faire tomber une goutte dans l'œil. N'utilisez une deuxième goutte que si la première n'est pas parvenue à pénétrer dans l'œil.

6. Fermez l'œil pendant une minute ou deux et appuyez doucement sur le côté de votre nez, à l'endroit où le coin de l'œil rejoint le nez. Cela permet d'empêcher la goutte de s'écouler et de la maintenir dans l'œil.

7. Repeat the process in your other eye if both eyes are affected.

8. Replace the cap (or if you are using a single-use unit, throw the used unit away).

How to use chloramphenicol eye ointment

1. Lavez-vous les mains avant d'utiliser la pommade.

2. Retirer le bouchon du tube.

3. Penchez légèrement la tête en arrière et tirez la paupière inférieure de votre œil vers le bas pour former une poche.

4. Tenez le tube à l'envers près de votre œil.

5. Apply enough pressure to the tube to release a thin line of ointment along the inside of the lower eyelid. Try not to touch your eye as you do this.

6. Close your eye for a moment or two, and then blink a few times to spread the ointment around the inside of your eye.

7. Repeat the process in your other eye if both eyes are affected.

8. Lorsque vous avez terminé, n'oubliez pas de remettre le bouchon sur le tube pour éviter que la pommade ne soit contaminée.

Tirer le meilleur parti de votre traitement

• Before you start treating your eyes, read the manufacturer's printed information leaflet supplied with the product. It will give you more information about using chloramphenicol and will provide you with a full list of any side-effects which you may experience. If your eyes have an obvious discharge or 'crust', it can help if you bathe them with cool clean water before you use the chloramphenicol.

• At first, chloramphenicol drops should be used every two to four hours unless you have been told otherwise. (Just use the drops while you are awake - you do not need to wake yourself up during the night to put them in.) As the infection improves, you can reduce the frequency down to four times a day. If you have been given chloramphenicol eye ointment to use as well as the eye drops, apply the ointment at night only. If you have been given chloramphenicol eye ointment without any drops, use the ointment three or four times each day.

• Try not to miss any doses, but if you do forget, just use the drops/ointment as soon as you remember. Do not 'double up' the number of drops or the amount of ointment you use to make up for forgetting.

• When you first put the eye drops or eye ointment into your eye, they can cause blurred vision. This should quickly clear. Make sure you can see clearly before you drive or use machines or tools.

• Veillez à éviter de transmettre l'infection d'un œil à l'autre et aux autres membres de votre famille. Se laver les mains régulièrement (en particulier après s'être touché les yeux) et ne pas partager de serviettes ou d'oreillers permet d'éviter la propagation de l'infection.

• Si l'embout du tube ou du flacon touche votre (vos) œil(s) lors de l'application des gouttes, il est conseillé d'extraire immédiatement deux ou trois gouttes sur un mouchoir en papier et de rincer l'embout avec de l'eau salée.

• Use chloramphenicol for a maximum of five days unless a doctor has told you otherwise. If your eyes are no better after two days of treatment, make an appointment to see your doctor for advice as soon as possible. You must also contact a doctor if your eyes become painful, if light hurts your eyes, or if your vision is impaired.

• Eye infections can cause your eyes to become more sensitive to sunlight than usual. Wearing sunglasses can help ease this.

• If you normally wear contact lenses, you should wear glasses until your symptoms have completely gone. It is recommended that you wait for 24 hours after you last use chloramphenicol before you put your lenses in again.

Can chloramphenicol eye preparations cause problems?

Chloramphenicol drops and ointment can occasionally cause mild eye irritation or stinging, but these usually soon pass and not everyone will experience them. If the irritation continues, or if you experience any other eye problems, please speak with your doctor or pharmacist for advice.

How to store chloramphenicol eye preparations

• Conservez tous les médicaments hors de la portée et de la vue des enfants.

• Chloramphenicol eye drops (including single-use units) must be kept in a fridge (2°C to 8°C).

• Chloramphenicol eye ointment should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from direct heat and light.

• Throw away the bottle or tube of chloramphenicol after you have finished the five-day course of treatment, even if there is some left. Never keep opened bottles or tubes to use later.

• Les unités à usage unique doivent être utilisées dès leur ouverture. Ne pas conserver ou réutiliser les unités ouvertes pour des doses ultérieures. En effet, les unités ne contiennent pas de conservateur.
  

Informations importantes sur tous les médicaments