Tolcapone pour la maladie de Parkinson

About tolcapone

Parkinson's disease affects the way your brain co-ordinates the movements of your muscles. A number of cells in a small part of your brain called the substantia nigra become damaged and die. These brain cells pass messages down nerves in the spinal cord by producing a substance called dopamine, and it is these messages which control the muscles of the body. As the cells in the brain are damaged, the amount of dopamine that is produced is reduced. A combination of the reduction of cells and a low level of dopamine in the cells in this part of the brain, causes nerve messages to the muscles to become slowed and abnormal. This produces the main symptoms of Parkinson's disease, which are stiffness, shaking (tremor), and slowness of movement.

Vous prenez déjà un médicament appelé co-beneldopa ou co-careldopa. Ces médicaments contiennent de la lévodopa qui aide à soulager les symptômes de la maladie de Parkinson. La lévodopa est transformée en dopamine, ce qui augmente le taux de dopamine dans le cerveau.

Tolcapone works by increasing the effectiveness of the levodopa you are taking in co-beneldopa or co-careldopa. It is prescribed for people who have had Parkinson's disease for a while and whose symptoms deteriorate between medicine doses. It may be recommended for you if other, similar medicines, are not suitable for you. It will be prescribed for you by a specialist doctor.

Before taking tolcapone

Some medicines are not suitable for people with certain conditions, and sometimes a medicine can only be used if extra care is taken. For these reasons, before you start taking tolcapone it is important that your doctor knows:

• Si vous êtes enceinte ou si vous allaitez.

• Si vous avez un problème de fonctionnement des reins ou du foie.

• If you have uncontrolled muscle movements called dyskinesia.

• If you have been told you have a tumour on your adrenal gland, or if you have ever had a condition affecting your muscles, called rhabdomyolysis, or a reaction to an antipsychotic medicine, called neuroleptic malignant syndrome, or an extremely high body temperature called hyperthermia. These are all very rare conditions.

• If you are taking or using any other medicines. It is especially important that your doctor knows if you have recently taken an antidepressant known as a monoamine-oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). You should also tell your doctor if you are taking any medicines which you have bought without a prescription, as well as herbal and complementary medicines.

• Si vous avez déjà eu une réaction allergique à un médicament.

How to take tolcapone

• Before you start the treatment, read the manufacturer's printed information leaflet from inside the pack and any additional information your doctor has given to you. These will give you more information about tolcapone, and will also provide you with a full list of side-effects which you could experience from taking it.

• Take the tablets exactly as your doctor tells you to. It is usual to take one tablet three times daily, although the dose may be increased in some people to two tablets three times daily. Take your first dose of each day at the same time as your first dose of co-careldopa/co-beneldopa, and then leave six hours before you take your next dose, and a further six hours before you take the third dose. Swallow the tablets whole, without breaking, chewing or crushing them. This is because the tablets are specially coated so that you do not taste the medicine which has a bitter taste.

• You can take tolcapone either before or after meals.

• When you first start taking tolcapone, your doctor may need to adjust the doses of your other medicines. This is to help reduce any side-effects caused by these tablets increasing the effectiveness of your usual dose of levodopa.

• If you forget to take a tablet at the usual time, take it as soon as you remember. Try to take the correct number of doses each day and remember to leave six hours between each dose. Do not take two doses together to make up for a forgotten dose.

Tirer le meilleur parti de votre traitement

• It is important that you keep your regular appointments with your doctor and clinic. This is so your doctor can check on your progress. Tolcapone can sometimes cause liver problems, so you will need to have regular blood tests to make sure the tablets are not causing any problems to the way your liver works.

• Tolcapone may cause your urine to become more yellow in colour. This is harmless and is nothing to worry about. If, however, your urine becomes dark in colour, and you also have other symptoms, please let your doctor know about this.

• Restez aussi actif que possible et faites de l'exercice régulièrement, autant que vous le pouvez. Vous marcherez peut-être plus lentement qu'avant, mais une promenade quotidienne est un bon exercice et peut aider à assouplir les muscles raides.

• Si vous êtes conducteur, vous devez informer la DVLA et votre compagnie d'assurance que vous êtes atteint de la maladie de Parkinson.

• Continuez à prendre les comprimés jusqu'à ce que votre médecin vous dise le contraire. Un arrêt brutal peut entraîner des problèmes et votre médecin vous demandera de réduire progressivement votre dose si vous devez arrêter le traitement.

• Il arrive que les personnes qui prennent des médicaments contre la maladie de Parkinson se sentent très somnolentes pendant la journée. Certaines personnes se sont même endormies soudainement sans avoir été prévenues de leur fatigue. Si cela vous arrive, ne conduisez pas et n'utilisez pas d'outils ou de machines, et discutez-en avec votre médecin lors de votre prochain rendez-vous.

• Certaines personnes prenant des médicaments contre la maladie de Parkinson peuvent avoir des problèmes de comportement impulsif. Si vous remarquez des changements dans votre comportement, tels qu'une envie accrue de jouer, de manger ou de dépenser de façon excessive, ou une augmentation de la libido, vous devez en informer votre médecin dès que possible.

Can tolcapone cause problems?

Along with their useful effects, most medicines can cause unwanted side-effects although not everyone experiences them. The table below contains the most common ones associated with tolcapone. You will find a full list in the manufacturer's information leaflet supplied with your medicine. The unwanted effects often improve as your body adjusts to the new medicine, but speak with your doctor or pharmacist if any continue or become troublesome.

If you experience other symptoms which you think may be due to the tablets, speak with your doctor or pharmacist for further advice.

How to store tolcapone

• Conservez tous les médicaments hors de la portée et de la vue des enfants.

• Conserver dans un endroit frais et sec, à l'abri de la chaleur et de la lumière directes.
  

Informations importantes sur tous les médicaments