Diagnostic du cancer
Revu par Dr Hannah Gronow, MBACPDernière mise à jour par Dr Gurvinder Rull, MBBSLast updated 14 nov. 2017
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At a glance
Cancer is first suspected from symptoms experienced by a patient.
A doctor will physically examine the patient for abnormalities.
You may be referred for tests such as X-rays, scans, and blood tests.
A biopsy, which is a tissue sample, is often needed to confirm cancer.
The sample is then examined under a microscope for abnormal cells.
Dans cet article:
Video picks for Information about cancer
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How is cancer diagnosed?
If a cancer is suspected from your symptoms
Your doctor will examine you to look for abnormalities such as a lump under the skin, or an enlarged liver. You may be referred for tests such as les radiographies, scans, analyses de sang, une endoscopie, bronchoscopy, etc, depending on where the suspected cancer is situated. These tests can often find the site of a suspected cancer. However, a sample (biopsy) is often needed to be certain that the abnormality is a cancer and not something else - such as a non-cancerous (benign) tumour.
Biopsie
Des biopsie is a procedure where a small sample of tissue is removed from a part of the body. The sample is then examined under the microscope or tested in other ways to detect abnormal cells. Sometimes it is easy to obtain a biopsy. For example, from a lump on the skin which may be a skin cancer. However, it can be difficult to obtain a biopsy from deeper tissues and it may require specialised procedures.
Some questions you may want to go through with your doctor
Retour au sommaireIf you have been diagnosed with cancer you will have many questions. The following are some suggested questions that you may wish to go over with your doctor:
What type of cancer do I have?
How large is it and has it spread to other parts of my body?
What are the treatment options for this type of cancer?
What are the risks and possible side-effects of the treatment options?
How successful is the treatment for my type and stage of cancer? Is the aim of treatment to cure or to control the cancer?
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Les options de traitement varient en fonction du type de cancer et de son stade de développement et de propagation. Les principaux types sont la chirurgie, la chimiothérapie et la radiothérapie.
par Dr Gurvinder Rull, MBBS
Questions fréquemment posées
What happens during a physical examination if cancer is suspected?
If your doctor suspects cancer based on your symptoms, they will examine you to check for any unusual signs. This might include feeling for an abnormal lump under your skin or checking for an enlarged liver.
What types of tests might be used to investigate a suspected cancer?
Depending on where the suspected cancer is located, you might have various tests. These could include X-rays, different types of scans, blood tests, or procedures like endoscopy or bronchoscopy. These tests help locate the suspected area.
Why is a biopsy often needed even after other tests show an abnormality?
Even if other tests identify an abnormal area, a biopsy is frequently necessary to confirm if it is cancer. This is because some abnormalities, like non-cancerous (benign) tumours, can resemble cancerous ones. A biopsy helps definitively determine the nature of the cells.
Is it always easy to get a biopsy sample?
No, obtaining a biopsy can vary in difficulty. For instance, getting a sample from a lump on the skin is often straightforward. However, if the suspected tissue is deeper inside the body, more specialised procedures might be required to get the sample.
Lectures complémentaires et références
- Kirkegaard H, Johnsen NF, Christensen J, et al; Association de l'adhésion aux recommandations sur le mode de vie et risque de cancer colorectal : une étude de cohorte prospective danoise. BMJ. 26 oct. 2010;341:c5504. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c5504.
- Qu'est-ce que le cancer ?; Institut National du Cancer
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About the authorView full bio
Dr Gurvinder Rull, MBBS
Medical Author, Consultant: Clinical Pharmacology, Therapeutics and General Internal Medicine
BSC (Hons), MBBS, FRCP, MA (Medical Ethics)
Dr Gurvinder Rull qualified in 2000, joining EMIS’s content authoring team (now Patient.info) in 2007.
About the reviewerView full bio
Dr Hannah Gronow, MBACP
General Practitioner
MB, ChB, MBACP
Hannah qualified as a GP in 1997. She joined EMIS (Patient) as a peer reviewer in August 2006.
Historique de l'article
Les informations sur cette page sont rédigées et examinées par des cliniciens qualifiés.
14 nov. 2017 | Dernière version
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