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Why do we comfort eat in winter?

Sophie Medlin, director and specialist dietitian at CityDietitians and chair of the British Dietetic Association (BDA) for London, says the cold weather and darker nights can often make us reach for comfort foods.

She says: "This may be an evolutionary mechanism from when we lived off the land, that is signalling to our bodies to eat more energy-dense foods in preparation for lower food availability in winter months."

Reema Pillai, a registered dietitian at Dietitian Fit & Co, adds that the feeling we get from certain foods can also have an effect on what we want to eat too.

"There is a strong link between our gut and our brain," she explains. "Studies have shown that eating comforting food that we enjoy can lead to a release of the 'happy' hormones serotonin and dopamine, which leave us feeling comforted.

She advises that sunlight exposure or faire de l'exercice can also release these happy hormones.

"Both of these are often reduced over the winter months, so food can become our go-to for comfort," she says. "Additionally, people may experience a natural lower humeur in winter, which can lead us to comfort eat. Often we eat comforting foods to give us a temporary feeling of pleasure."

Not all comfort foods are unhealthy. By including more high-fibre ingredients and légumes, it is easy to create nourishing, comforting meals.

"In colder months, soups, stews, or curries can be warming," says Pillai. "Mixing things up can help meals stay interesting and exciting. Try to focus on getting in some les légumineuses et with meals - such as brown rice or pasta - or perhaps some quinoa or buckwheat. These are great to put into a soup or stew, or with a Thai coconut vegetable curry instead of white rice."

Pillai also advises that adding in a colourful mix of vegetables helps us get a range of nutrients.

"Try to shop seasonally," she says. "Vegetables such as kale, butternut squash, carrots, cauliflower, leeks, onions, pumpkin, cabbage, and turnips are all in season at this time of the year."

Medlin recommends healthy, fibres-rich meals such as bean stews, stewed fruit with toasted oats, and soups with crusty wholemeal or wholegrain bread.

She adds: "It can also be helpful to add some additional vegetables, beans, or lentils to dishes such as shepherd's pie and lasagne to make them healthier."

Eating well doesn't have to mean giving up on the foods you love. Instead, try swapping certain ingredients for healthier versions.

If you fancy something rich and creamy, swap cream for Greek yoghurt in a curry or soup.

One of Pillai's go-to comfort recipes is a pasta bake.

"I use wholemeal pasta, as I find it more filling than regular pasta, and mix with some chicken pieces, cream cheese, and then a few of my favourite vegetables - often broccoli and spinach," she says. "Frozen vegetables work great to help save preparation time in the kitchen, and they are very nutritious too."

She also suggests trying a lentil Bolognese.

"This can be made in advance, or in the slow cooker," she says. "You can include a range of vegetables such as carrots, tomatoes, celery, onions, and peppers to the lentils and then let it simmer away. Serve it in a bowl and don't forget a sprinkle of cheese."

To stay healthy all year round, we need to eat at least five portions of fruit and vegetables a day - as well as high-fibre or wholemeal starchy foods. It's also important to choose small amounts of unsaturated oils and spreads, and to include protein. However, there are other things we can do in winter to stay well.

"Winter is the season for flus or other illnesses," says Pillai. "So trying to ensure we have a good range of fruits and vegetables in our diet can help us get an adequate level of vitamines and minerals to help support our système immunitaire."

It is also recommended that everyone should take a daily 10 micrograms (400 International Units) vitamine D supplement from September to April.

"This is because the best source of vitamin D is sunlight and there are few rich sources of vitamine D through our diet," says Pillai. "If you are concerned about your vitamin D levels, please speak to your doctor."